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Exam Cram
Exam Cram
Bronchiectasis is scarring of the bronchioles (resulting in irreversible widening) secondary to cleared infection, malignancy or immune system
Presentation: productive sputum ++, haemoptysis, crackles on auscultation improve with coughing
Spirometry: obstructive or mixed picture
Management: pulmonary rehab
Outline
Outline
Assessment
Assessment
History
Chronic productive cough (non purulent)
Recurrent LRTI
Previous pertussis
Examination
Bibasal inspiratory crackles- improve with coughing
Finger clubbing can be present
Investigations
CXR- clear
High Resolution CT: enlarged bronchioles
PFT: obstructive (rarely restrictive)
Diagnosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic criteria: enlarged bronchioles on CT (larger than neighbouring bronchial arteries)
Classification: (aetiology)
Post infective
Acute- Whooping Cough
Recurrent/ chronic- Cystic Fibrosis, Kartagener's Syndrome, Yellow Nail Syndrome
Inflammatory
Management
Management
Chronic
Supportive
Med Reg Notes
Med Reg Notes
Imaging findings: broncho-arterial ratio > 1.5
Pseudomonas colonisation associated with worse short term outcomes, therefore eradication is performed with nebulised antibiotics (tobramycin +/- short term antibiotics).
Inhalers, prednisolone or mucloytics aren't used unless there is co-morbid COPD or asthma.
Resources & References
Resources & References
Written in 2025
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