Presentations

By Body System

• Neurological: headache, loss of consciousness episode, confusion, reduced consciousness

• Ophthalmology: visual loss, eye pain, red eye, double vision

• ENT: ear pain or discharge, hearing loss; nose bleeding (epistaxis), anosmia (loss of sense of smell), hoarse voice

• Other: head and neck lumps, mouth ulcers

• Neck pain or reduced movement

Further expansion

Presentations relating to the head and neck. This includes the nervous system, sensory organs (ears, eyes, tongues) and beginnings of the gastroenterology and respiratory systems and parts of the vascular, endocrine, musculoskeletal systems. 

Core presentations

• Nervous

  • • • • Speech changes

        • Reduction in memory or cognition

        • Hallucinations

• Sensory

  • • Eyes

      • • Visual acuity reduction

        • Visual field defects: homonymous hemiano pia, b/l temporal hemianopia

        • Red eye

        • Double vision (diplopia)

        • Aniscoria (pupil enlargement)

    • Nose

      • • Anosmia

    • Mouth

      • • Mouth ulcers

• Gross

  • • Neck Swelling

    • Lump

By Body System:

• Cardiovascular

  • • • Heart and aorta

      • Chest pain, sob, palpitations, leg swelling, lightheadedness

• Respiratory

  • • • Sob, cough, hemoptysis, wheeze, chest pain

• MSK

  • • • Chest pain, sob

• Breast

  • • • Breast lump, pain or discharge

By Body System:

• Abdominal pain

• Lower back pain

• GI: dysphagia, diarrhoea/ constipation, malena, vomiting/ nausea, haematemasis, PR bleeding

• Urinary: dysuria, frequency, urgency, incontinence; haematuria

• Female: heavy menstrual bleeding, post menopausal bleeding, peri-vulva pain/ itching/ dc

• Male: testicular pain, lump, purulent penile dc

Per joint

• Hot swollen joint

• Painful

• Stiff

Joints

• Upper limb: shoulder, elbow, wrist/ hand

• Lower limb: hip, knee, ankle/ foot

• Central: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral spine

Muscular pain, sprain

• Nausea or vomiting

• Fevers, anorexia, weight loss, 

• Reduced exercise tolerance

• Falls

• Failing to cope at home

Clear an obvious cause: e.g. trauma/ injury or other source from environment

Injuries

• Head and neck 

• Upper limb 

• Lower limb

• Chest injury

• Abdominal injury

• High impact injury

• Burns: 

  • • heat, chemical, sun/UV

• Overdose

• Drowning

• Hypothermia

• Overdose 

• Animal or snake bite

• Electrocution

• Environmental disasters

  • • • Flooding, earthquake, tsunami, hurricane, snow storm, dust storm

• Non accidental injury

  • • Assault

    • Sexual abuse

• Terrorism

• War/ terror