Mature Onset Diabetes of Young (MODY)

Exam Cram

• Mature onset diabetes of the young is a genetic form of diabetes, similar to type 2, caused by genetic mutation

• Genes

  • MODY 1:  HNF 4 alpha

  • MODY 2:  Glucokinase

  • MODY 3: HNF 1 alpha

  • MODY 5: HNF 1 beta

• Management

  • Mody 1 & 3 mx: 1) sulphonurea, 2) long acting insulin

  • Mody 2: diet

Outline

Background 

• Associated with family history of diabetes

• 14 types, 80% made of MODY 2 & 3

• In MODY 2 the basal level of blood glucose is increased, often doesn't require intervention. Key sign is only a small rise in blood sugar following a glucose tolerance test. 

Assessment

Presentation:

• Asymptomatic

• Diabetes presentation: polydipisia, polyuria, lethargy

Investigations

• Hyperglycaemia

• MODY2: small rise in glucose following glucose tolerance test

• Genotyping

Diagnosis

Diagnostic criteria: by genotyping

Differentials: T2DM, T1DM, Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults

Classification (by gene)

• MODY 1:  HNF 4 alpha

• MODY 2:  Glucokinase

• MODY 3: HNF 1 alpha

• MODY 5: HNF 1 beta

Management

MODY 1 & 3

1.  Sulphonurea (gliclazide)

2.  Long Acting Insulin

MODY 2

• Diet & Exercise

• Usually doesn't require intervention

References and Resources

Links

1. Body Systems: endocrine & gastrointestinal

2. Specialties: endocrine & diabetes

Page written in 2024.