Trauma

A summary page looking at the types of environmental trauma with relation to disease. 

Location

Trauma by area

• Head & Neck

  • • Head injury

    • Neck injury

    • Eyes injury

• Chest, abdo-pelvis and  back

  • • Chest: rib fractures, haemothorax/ pneumothorax

    • Abdo- pelvis: splenic injury, pancreatic injury

• Upper limb: shoulder, elbow, wrist, hand

• Lower limb: hip and pelvis, knee, ankle and foot

Trauma by tissue damage

• Bone: fracture

• Soft tissue

  • • • Muscle

      • Tendon (muscle to bone)

      • Ligament (bone to bone)

• Neurovascular: artery, veins, nerves

Aetiology

By cause

• Physical trauma

  • • • • • Blunt injury

          • Penetrating injury: knife, gun,

          • High speed collision: car, bicycle, motorbike, train

          • Assault

          • Animal: trauma, bite

• Non physical

  • • • • • Burns

            • • • UV

                • Chemical

          • Drowning

            • • • Water

          • Foreign body

            • • • Eye, esophagus, lung, rectum

• Emotional

  • • • • • Bereavement, emotional abuse

          • Physical abuse, violence

          • Sexual abuse

          • Financial

Written in 2025