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AZ Atlas of Disease
AZ Atlas of Disease
Below is a list of all the diseases on this website! Enjoy!
I prefer to organise diseases alphabetically because some diseases don't fit into body systems or specialties clearly.
Clarifications
Easiest way is probably to search in the top right corner
Where possible pathologies are grouped, e.g under coronary artery disease (each of these encompasses a number of diagnosis, i.e. STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina and angina etc
Hyper & hypo pages include lab findings (aren't diagnosis) but don't include observation derangement (within obs section)
Some diseases have multiple names- where possible I try and use the modern one but I have multiple links to the same pages, e.g. IgA nephropathy & Berger's
Shorthand
Hx = history
Ex = examination
Ix = investigations
Mx = management
A
A
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA): Enlargement of abdominal aorta, operate > 5.5cm
Acanthosis Nigricans Darkened auxilla associated with obesity, T2DM and gastric cancer
Achalasia Dysphagia solids, liquids; bird beak barium swallow
Achondroplasia Short limbed dwarfism
Actinic Keratosis Skin lesion from sun damage
Acute Dystonia See Extra Pyramidal Side Effects (EPSE)
Acne Rosacea Skin lesion causing red face and rhinophyma
Acne Vulgaris Medical name for acne, facial pustules
Acoustic Neuroma Growth on the vestibulocochlear cranial nerve (CN-8), also called vestibular schwannoma
Acromegaly Growth Hormone Excess
Acute Coronary Syndrome Includes myocardial infarction (NSTEMI & STEMI) and unstable angina
Acute Cholecystitis Acute inflammation of gallbladder almost exclusively caused by infection
Acute Diverticulitis Acute inflammation of diverticular (bowel outpouches) caused by infection
Acute Hepatitis Acute liver injury, commonly from paracetamol overdose or viral hepatitis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Acute kidney damage from pre-renal, renal and post renal causes
Acute Interstitial Nephritis Commonly NSAID induced AKI
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Childhood lymphocytic cancer
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Largely adulthood leukaemia of myelocytes
Acute Pancreatitis Acute inflammation of pancreas commonly caused by gallstones or alcohol
Acute Tubular Necrosis AKI caused by e.g. gentamicin, raised urinary sodium
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS, acute lung injury
Adie's Tonic Pupil Ipsilateral lack of pupillary response to light with areflexia
Addison's Disease Autoimmune Adrenal Insufficiency
Adrenal Insufficiency Hypo-glucocorticoid & hypo-mineralocorticoid disorders
Agoraphobia Fear of large spaces, associated with generalised anxiety disorders
Alcoholic Liver Disease Liver damage from excessive alcohol
Alcoholism Alcohol addiction
Alopecia Auto immune hair loss
Alpha Trypsin 1 Deficiency Young onset COPD or liver cirrhosis from protein deficiency
Alport's Syndrome Kidney + Hearing problems
Alzheimer's Disease Commonest cause of dementia (chronic brain failure)
ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) Type of Motor Neuron Disease
Amyloidosis Disorders caused by excessive protein clumps (amyloid plaques)
Anaemia Low haemoglobin- constellation of diagnosis
Anaphylaxis Systemic allergic reaction (involving 2+ body systems)
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Syndrome of male chromosomes but female phenotypes due to testosterone insensitivity
Angina Coronary artery exertional ischaemia from inability to meet increased oxygen demand
Ankylosing Spondylitis Inflammatory back pain without known antibodies (seronegative)
Anorexia Nervosa Psychiatric disorder with restrictive eating causing a BMI < 18.5
Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) Thrombophilia associated with miscarriages
Aortic Dissection Inner lining of aorta tearing off into lumen causing ischaemia
Aortic Regurgitation Leaky aortic valve
Aortic Stenosis Narrowing of aortic valve (includes aortic sclerosis)
Appendicitis Inflammation of the appendix, usually from infection
Asbestosis Lung disease caused by asbestos exposure
Aspergillosis Include invasive aspergillosis, aspergilloma and ABPA
Asthma Allergic & reversible bronchiole narrowing producing wheeze
Asystole Cardiac rhythm without ventricular contractions
Atrial Flutter See Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Atria contracting irregularly irregularly
Atrial Myxoma See Cardiac Myoma
Atrial Septal Defect Hole between left and right atria
Autoimmune encephalitis: Affects limbic system, anti Hu
Autoimmune hepatitis: Anti smooth muscle antibodies
AutoImmune Haemolytic Anaemia (AIHA) Destruction of red blood cells from auto-immune processes
Avascular Necrosis (AV) Commonly destruction of bone from lack of oxygenated blood delivery
B
B
B12 Deficiency Associated with peripheral neuropathy and cognitive decline
Bacteraemia Bacteria in blood stream, related to Sepsis
Bartonella Henselae Named cat scratch disease after mechanism of infection
Barrett's Oesphagus Oesphageal pre-cancerous cell changes
Bartter Syndrome Renal Tubulopathy (Inherited) - normotensive, normal magnesium
Becker's muscular dystrophy See muscular dystrophies
Behcet's Disease Systemic vasculitis with mouth ulcers
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)
Berger's Disease IgA Nephropathy
Boerhaave's Syndrome Oesphageal Rupture
Bronchiolitis
Brown Sequard Syndrome Spinal Cord hemi-section
Brucellosis Bacterial respiratory infection associated with European animal farming
Budd Chiari Syndrome Hepatic vein obstruction, usually from thrombosis
Brugada Syndrome Na+ cardiac channelopathy
Burkitt's Lymphoma See lymphoma
C
C
CADASIL Cerebral Autosomal Domaint Arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts
Campylobacter Gram negative bacteria, typically gastroenteritis
Candidiasis Fungal infection of mouth, oesphagus or vagina
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Presentation confusion and hypoxia not responding to oxygen therapy
Cat scratch disease Infection post cat scratch from Bartonella Henselae
Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis Type of Cerebral Vein Thrombosis, occurring in cavernous sinus
Cellulitis and Necrotising Fasciitis
Central pontine demyelination See HypoNatraemia & HyperNatraemia
Chlamydia Sexually transmitted infection (STI)
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronic lung disease associated with smoking
CJD (Creutzfeldt Jacob Disease)
CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia)
Coeliac Disease Hypersensitivity to gliadin (gluten)
Colitis Includes ischaemic, inflammatory, infective and other causes
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia CAH
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Chronic lung disease associated with smoking
Coronary Artery Disease Includes ischaemic (STEMI etc) and non ischaemic causes
CML Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia
Crohn's Disease Inflammatory bowel disease affecting whole alimentary canal
D
D
Death & Dying Diagnosis of dying
Dermato/polymyositis Autoimmune condition affecting muscles and skin
Dermatitis Herpetiformis Skin reaction occurs in Coeliac Disease in response to gluten
Diabetes Insipidus Lack of ADH, causing leaky kidneys (polyuria)
Diabetes Ketoacidosis (DKA) Hypoinsulinaemia causing acidosis from starvation ketosis- in T1DM
Diabetes Mellitus Includes type 1, type 2, 3, gestational, MODY, LADA
DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)
Drug induced Lupus See Systemic Lupus Erythematous
Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy See Muscular Dystrophies
E
E
Echinococcosis Disease caused by parasite echinococcus
EGPA (Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis)
Ehlers Danlos syndrome (EDS) Inherited connective tissue disorder
Erythromderma Widespread erythema
G
G
Gallstone Disease
Genital Herpes See Herpes Simplex (HSV)
Gestational Diabetes See T2DM (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus)
Gitelman Syndrome Inherited renal tubulopathy, low magnesium- see Renal Tubulopathies (Inherited)
H
H
Haemochromatosis Iron build up causing liver cirrhosis, bronzing skin and arthralgia
Haemolysis Of which AI Haemolysis
Haemophilia Commonest inherited disease resulting excessive bleeding (love to bleed)
Hashimoto's Auto-immune cause of hypothyroidism
Helicobacter Pylori Bacterial infection of stomach and duodenum causing peptc ulcers
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia from autoimmune molecular mimicry from heparin
Hepatitis A-E See Viral hepatitis for hepatitis A-E
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS)
Hereditary Angiodema Inherited cause of swelling from C1 esterase deficiency
Hereditary Spherocytosis Inherited haemoglobinopathy
Heyde Syndrome Triad: small bowel angiodysplasia, aortic stenosis and von willebrand disease
HHS (Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic syndrome) T2DM acute complication: chronically raised BSLs causing dehydration
HOCM (Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy) Congenital heart condition resulting in exercise induced collapse
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Lymphoma
Horner's Syndrome Sympathetic nerve compression causing triad of: miosis, anyhdrosis and ptosis (MAP)
Histiocytosis X Type of interstitial lung disease caused by smoking
Histoplasmosis Fungus causing respiratory tract infection from North America
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus resulting immune failure (AIDS)
HNPCC Lynch Syndrome, excessive polyps resulting in colorectal cancer
Huntington's Disease Chronic degenerative neurologic condition from CAG repeats
Hydatid Disease See Echinococcosis
Hyporenin-hyperaldosteronism Another name for Conn's Syndrome
Hypercortisolaemia Cushing's Syndrome (by definition)
Hyperparathyroidism Either primary, secondary or tertiary
Hypertension High blood pressure above 140/90 on random measurement
I
I
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Commonest cause of Interstitial Lung Disease
IgA Nephropathy Haematuria 2d post URTI
ILD (Interstitial Lung Disease) Group of pathologies affecting lung interstitial
IIH (Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Ischaemic colitis Bowel ischaemia
Ischaemic Heart Disease Group of coronary artery disorders causing ischaemia & infarction: Angina, UA & NSTEMI, STEMI
K
K
Kallman's Syndrome Hypopituitary hypogonadism from failure of GNRH neurons to migrate in hypothalamus
L
L
Lamberton Eaton Syndrome (LES)
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA)
Legionella Pneumonia with hyponatraemia & water tanks
Leptospirosis Spirochete bacteria associated with rat's urine, also called Weil's Disease
Long QT Syndrome
Liddle Syndrome HTN in young, see Renal Tubulopathies (Inherited)
Lymphocytic colitis Type of microscopic colitis
Lymphogranuloma venereum Ulcer from Chlamydia
Lynch Syndrome Genetic disorder with increased rates of colorectal cancer, see HNPCC
M
M
MAFLD Metabolic associated fatty liver disease, see NAFLD
Mantle Cell Lymphoma See Lymphoma
Membranous Nephropathy Commonest nephrotic syndrome in adults
Metabolic Syndrome See Obesity
Mesenteric Ischaemia Bowel angina, see Ischaemic colitis
MGUS: Monoclonal Gammopathy of Uncertain Significance, see Multiple Myeloma
Mitral Regurgitation Leaky mitral valve
Mitral Stenosis Narrowed mitral valve
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
MODY (Mature Onset Diabetes of Young)
MPA (Microscopic Polyangiitis)
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)
Myocardial Infarction Myocardial hypoxic necrosis in coronary artery disease: NSTEMI or STEMI
N
N
NAFLD (Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease)
Nephrotic Syndrome Kidney's leaking protein, resulting in oedema
Nephritic Syndrome Kidney damage resulting in leaking blood
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Presents with triad: dementia, urinary incontinence, ataxia
NSTEMI Non ST elevated myocardial infarction: type of acute coronary syndrome
Necrotising Fasciitis See Cellulitis and Necrotising Fasciitis
O
O
Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Snoring leading to poor quality sleep
Oesphageal Rupture Boerhaave's Syndrome
Osteopetrosis
P
P
PCOS (Polycystic ovary syndrome)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Pericarditis Inflammation of sac surrounding heart
Pericardial effusion Fluid in sac surrounding heart, includes tamponade
Pertussis See Whooping Cough
Pityriasis Versicolour, Pityriasis rosea
Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PJP) Fungal lung infection in the immunocompromised
Pneumothorax Air bubble within lung lining
Pneumoperitoneum Air bubble under abdominal lining suggesting bowel perforation
PNH (paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria)
PCOS (Polycystic ovary syndrome)
Polymyositis Autoimmune damage to muscles
Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC)
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
Pseudo-Cushings Metabolic syndrome patients with central obesity, upper limit of normal cortisol,
See Cushing's Syndrome
Psittacosis See chlamydia
Pulmonary Embolus Clot in pulmonary artery
Pulmonary Hypertension (Pul HTN)
Pulmonary Fibrosis Commonest cause of pulmonary fibrosis is IPF, common type of ILD
Pulmonary Regurgitation Leaky pulmonary valve
Pulmonary Stenosis Narrowed pulmonary valve
Q
Q
Q Fever Infection associated with animals and deranged LFTs
R
R
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome Bells palsy from varicella zoster, see Bell's Palsy
Raynaud's phenomenon Fingers go blue in cold weather
Renal Stones / Renal Calculi See Urinary Stones
Renal Tubular Acidosis 4 types of renal acidosis
Renal Tubulopathies (Inherited)
Resting Tremor See Essential Tremor
S
S
Scleroderma Another name for Systemic Sclerosis
Small bowel obstruction Associated with adhesions
Stomach Cancer Cancer of stomach, see Gastric Cancer
Syphillis Sexually transmitted infection (STI), tx penicillin
Secondary Polycythaemia: See Polycythaemia vera page
STEMI ST elevation myocardial infarction, type of acute coronary syndrome
Still's Disease Another name for: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
SVCO Superior Vena Cava Obstruction
Subacute thyroiditis See Thyroiditis
T
T
Temporal Arteritis Same as Giant Cell Arteritis
Transposition of great arteries (TGA) Aorta exits right ventricle, pulmonary artery exists left ventricle
Trichomoniasis Vaginal sexually transmitted infection (STI)- foul smelling d/c
Tricuspid Regurgitation Leaky Tricuspid valve
Tricuspid Stenosis Narrow tricuspid valve
U
U
Ulcerative Colitis Inflammatory bowel disease localised to colon
Urge Incontinence: See Detrusor Overactivity
V
V
Venous Thrombo-Embolism: See DVT & PE pages separately
Ventricular Septal Defect Hole between left and right ventricle
VF (Ventricular Fibrillation) Ventricle contracting irregularly irregular
W
W
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinaemia
Weil's Disease Another name for Leptospirosis , bacteria associated with rats urine
Wegener's Granulomatosis Old name for GPA , name changed after Wegener's association with the Nazis!
Whooping Cough
References and Resources
References and Resources
Directories of diseases
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