Exam Cram

• AutoImmune Haemolytic Anaemia (AIHA) is a type of haemolytic anaemia (low Hb) caused by immune destruction of own red blood cells

• Presentation: symptomatic anaemia- sob, lethargy

• Investigations: haemolysis- low Hb, haptoglobin, raised reticulocytes; direct antiglobulin test

• Management: prednisolone

Outline

Background

Can be the cause of CLL anaemia

Assessment

History

Examination

Investigation

• Positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT)

Diagnosis

Diagnostic criteria: 

Classification:

1. 1. Cold Haemolytic Anaemia

      • Mycoplasma pneumonia

      • EBV 

   2. Warm Haemolytic Anaemia

      • Systemic Lupus Erythematous 

      • Lymphoma 

      • CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia) 

Management

Acute

1. Prednisolone 1mg/kg

2. Rituxumab

3. Splenectomy

Med Reg Notes

Schema

Presentation (symptomy) -> sign -> diagnosis -> classification

Fatigue -> anaemia, haemolysis -> haemolytic anaemia -> autoimmune haemolytic anaemia -> AIHAL warm, secondary to CLL

Resources and References

Page written in 2024.