Bloods

Overview of Blood Investigations

Obviously an enormous number of investigations, focused on the core ones:

• Full Blood Count (FBC)

• Urea and Electrolytes (EUC or U&Es)

• Liver Function Tests (LFTs)

• Blood cultures- 

• Blood gas- venous or arterial (VBG, ABG)

• Lactate

• C Reaction Protein (CRP)

• Procalcitonin (PCT)

• Troponin

• D-dimer

• BNP

• Calcium, magnesium, phosphate (CMP)

• B12, folate & Iron studies

• Thyroid function tests (TFTs)

• Parathyroid function test (PFT)

• LH and FSH

• Cortisol, ACTH serology

• Auto Immune Antibodies

• Mycoplasma serology

Directory of Associated Signs / Diseases 

• Full Blood Count (FBC)

  • • Haemoglobin: Anaemia , Polycythaemia

    • Platelets: Thrombocytopenia & Thrombocytosis 

    • WCC/ Neutrophils: Leukopenia/ neutropenia, leukocytosis

    • Eosinophilia

• Urea and Electrolytes (EUC or U&Es)

  • • Acute Kidney Injury, Chronic Kidney Disease

    • Hypernatraemia, hyponatraemia

    • Hyperkalaemia, hypokalaemia

• Liver Function Tests (LFTs)

  • • Acute Hepatitis, Liver Cirrhosis

• Blood cultures

  • • Bacteraemia, sepsis

• Blood gas- venous or arterial (VBG, ABG)

  • • Hypoxia, hypercapnia

    • Acidosis

• Lactate: hyperlactataemia

• C Reaction Protein (CRP)- raised

• Procalcitonin (PCT)- raised

• Troponin- troponinitis

  • • Coronary Artery Disease 

• D-dimer

  • • Venous Thrombotic Disease 

• BNP

  • • Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) 

• Calcium, magnesium, phosphate (CMP)

  • • HyperCalcaemia , Hypocalcaemia

    • Hypermagnesaemia, Hypomagnesaemia

    • Hyperphosphatasemia, HypoPhosphataemia

• B12, folate & Iron studies

  • • B12 Deficiency

    • Folate Deficiency

    • Iron Deficiency; Haemochromatosis 

• Thyroid function tests (TFTs)

  • • Hyperthyroidism , Hypothyroidism 

• Parathyroid function test (PFT)

  • • Hyperparathyroidism , Hypoparathyroidism

• LH and FSH

• Cortisol, ACTH serology

  • • Hypercortisolaemia (Cushing's Syndrome), Adrenal Insufficiency 

• Mycoplasma serology

References and Resources

Written in 2025